On March 20th, 1996, American Petroleum Institute’s (API) Vice President William O’Keefe followed up with the President’s Assistant for Economic Policy after an earlier meeting. Originally uncovered by The Center for Climate Integrity, O’Keefe’s “Actions to Address Greenhouse Gas Emissions” reflects the precarious position API was in at the time: stuck between acknowledging climate change […]
This Global Climate Coalition (GCC) 1996 position statement reflects the GCC’s stance on climate related scientific and economic research. The GCC opposed greenhouse gas regulations and contested the scientific validity of anthropogenic climate change through direct engagement and collaboration with affiliated climate deniers. Its membership spanned across the automotive, utility, manufacturing, petroleum, and mining industries. […]
From the private collection of Nicky Sundt, a Washington-based climate change science, policy and communications expert, this is a March 1996 report by The EOP Group, Inc, commissioned by the industry-funded Global Climate Coalition. Titled, “Progress Report on U.S. Industry Voluntary Actions to Curb Greenhouse Gas Emissions,” the document describes its purpose “to provide a […]
Responding to the public’s awareness of anthropogenic climate change, American Petroleum Institute’s (API) 1996 “Reinventing Energy: Making the Right Choices,” supported climate denial and argued for inaction. On behalf of its corporate membership comprised of oil majors, API’s interdepartmental team of economists, government affairs staffers, and “strategic communications” experts discussed public health and environmental safety […]
This 1996 document, “Shell Business Framework – coming to grips with our future, getting the best from our past,” is a part of a larger collection discovered by Jelmer Mommers of De Correspondent in a trove of internal Royal Dutch/Shell Group (“Shell”) documents. The document notes a need for change and an “increasing emphasis on […]
This document, “The Evolution of the World’s Energy Systems,” released by Royal Dutch/Shell Group’s (“Shell”) External Affairs, reflects earlier internal reports for seemingly the first time (1994 and 1995). This document is a part of a larger collection discovered by Jelmer Mommers of De Correspondent in a trove of internal Shell documents. Outlining Shell’s specific […]
This Global Climate Coalition (GCC) Internal Revenue Service Form 990 filing reflects the 1996 tax year. The industry-funded GCC opposed greenhouse gas regulations through direct engagement and collaboration with affiliated climate deniers from 1989 to 2002. Its membership spanned across the automotive, utility, manufacturing, petroleum, and mining industries. The filing shows $1,224,451 in membership dues. […]
This document is the Global Climate Coalition’s (GCC) 1995 “Year-End” Climate Watch Bulletin. The GCC bulletins were a part of the group’s larger mission to oppose greenhouse gas regulations and contest the scientific validity of anthropogenic climate change through direct engagement and collaboration with affiliated climate deniers. Its membership spanned across the automotive, utility, manufacturing, […]
This document is a review of the 16th Congress of the World Energy Council, which took place in Tokyo from October 8-13 in 1995. The World Energy Council (WEC) is comprised of a confidential group “of local and national energy companies, Government departments and organisations.” WEC was formed in 1923, and is “the UN-accredited global […]
The “1995 Global Scenarios” documents are an incomplete set of Royal Dutch/Shell Group’s (“Shell”) analysis of the “pre-determined … forces of globalisation, liberalisation, and technology.” A part of a larger collection maintained by Jelmer Mommers of De Correspondent in a trove of internal Shell documents, these Global Scenarios are the beginning of a longer trend […]